316 grade stainless steel is a material quality obtained by adding molybdenum and more nickel into 304 quality stainless steel. The corrosion resistance of 316 quality stainless steel materials is much better in harsh conditions (sea water, acidic liquids, etc.) thanks to its chemical content. In addition, the ultimate strength of 316 quality materials is much higher than 304 quality materials. If parts are to be welded, those parts are at risk of corrosion due to heating. To avoid such situations, 316L (1.4404) quality stainless steel material with less carbon content should be used.
316L quality stainless steel, on the other hand, is similar to 316 quality stainless steel in terms of chemical content, but contains less carbon. Therefore, 316L stainless steel does not require post-weld annealing in thick sections either.
316Ti, on the other hand, is 316 quality stainless steel with titanium added. If the material will be exposed to high temperature between 550 – 800°C for a long time, 316Ti (1.4571) quality stainless steel should be used. 316Ti stainless steels contain low amounts of titanium. This rate is usually around 0.5%. The durability period of 316Ti quality stainless steels at high temperatures is longer than 304 or 316 stainless steel grades.
The usage area of 316L grade stainless steel is very wide thanks to the quality and chemical content of the material. For example, stainless steel materials in 316L quality and its derivatives are frequently used in tanks and storage tanks of corrosive liquids, chemical and petrochemical industry, steam boilers, paint industry, food plants, mining. Due to the chemical content of 316L quality stainless steel and its lower carbon content compared to 316 quality stainless steel, it is recommended to prefer 316L quality stainless steels in these parts if the parts are to be welded.
Grade | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Ni | Mo | Ti |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
316 (1.4401) | 0.08max | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 16.0-18.0 arası | 10.0-14.0 arası | 2.0-3.0 arası | – |
316L (1.4404) | 0.03max | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 16.0-18.0 arası | 10.0-14.0 arası | 2.0-3.0 arası | – |
316Ti (1.4571) | 0.08max | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 16.0-18.0 arası | 10.0-14.0 arası | 2.0-3.0 arası | 0.70 max |
Grade | 316 (1.4401) | 316L (1.4404) | 316Ti (1.4571) |
---|---|---|---|
X2CrNiMo17-12-2 | |||
breaking strength | 515 MPa | 485 MPa | 485 MPa |
Yield strength (0.2%) | 205 MPa | 170 MPa | 170 MPa |
Hardness, Rockwell (HB) | 95 | 95 | 95 |